Dari Hafal Menjadi Paham: Upaya Transformasi PPKN untuk Generasi Berkarakter dan Kritis

Abstract

This research analyzes the transformation of Pancasila and Civics Education (PPKn) from a memorization paradigm towards character strengthening and critical reasoning Previously, PPKn learning in schools tended to be trapped in a cognitive-theoretical approach that emphasized rote mastery of material, hindering the formation of holistic citizens and critical thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the implementation of PPKn learning transformation in character strengthening and critical reasoning development, as well as identify its supporting and inhibiting Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through social media content analysis and documentation. The results indicate the urgency of shifting the paradigm from memorization towards character strengthening and critical reasoning, consistent with relevant findings from Amri et al. (2024) and Mukmin & Sihaloho (2024) who criticized the dominance of the cognitive-theoretical approach. This transformation demands fundamental changes in teaching methodology, shifting from knowledge transfer to experience, analysis, and active student participation. For character strengthening, it is important to create authentic and participatory learning experiences where students can directly apply and internalize civic values, rather than merely memorizing them. Meanwhile, the development of critical reasoning requires strategies that encourage students to analyze, evaluate, and deeply understand socio-political dynamics. In conclusion, the essence of this transformation is the shift of students from passive recipients to active learners who think critically, reason, and possess strong character, forming the foundation for meaningful civic participation.